1) Dogs who are off the leash may cause injury to a person.

This does not necessarily mean that your dog has bitten someone. Injuries to people can come in other forms. What if your dog scares an elderly person and they fall down? What if your dog knocks a small child over? You as the owner are responsible for your dog’s behaviour. You might find yourself at the wrong end of a large lawsuit.

Biting should always be a concern. As a responsible dog owner you have to be aware that all dogs have the potential to bite. You may own the friendliest animal in the world, but it happens to thousands of people every year. Even small dogs can do damage. What if a young child pulls your dog’s tail or tries to take a toy away from your dog? Be aware that your dog is an animal and there is always the potential for danger.

2) Your dog could eat something unhealthy. Dogs love to put things in their mouths. They may get into anything from anti-freeze to a rotting chicken in the neighbours trash. Country dogs are just as at risk from eating something dangerous as city dogs. Dogs may drink contaminated water or walk through an area that was sprayed with pesticides. They may chew on a dead animal while roaming and pick up worms, or parasites. The list of possibilities is staggering. Any one of these things might cost you an expensive trip to the vet, and in the worst case scenario may result in the death of your beloved pet.

3) You do have neighbours. Not everybody loves dogs. And your neighbours are certainly not going to like your dog if they discover that he has been going through their trash. He certainly is not going to be very popular if he is digging holes in their lawn or using their yard as his personal bathroom.

People who allow their dogs to roam free are giving responsible pet owners a bad name. Due to a small number of negligent owners, more and more bans and restrictions regarding dogs are being put into place.

4) In many areas any dog that is not on a leash and is roaming free may be picked up by local animal control. As an owner, you may be held responsible for pick-up fees and his stay at the local pound. You may also incur additional fines for allowing your dog to run loose. And there is always the risk of not being able to locate your dog, sadly many dogs simply disappear.

5) You may own a very friendly dog, but what about all the other dogs? Your dog might be attacked by another dog if that animal considers your dog to be invading his territory. Or another dog may see your pet as a potential danger to his owner. Your dog could be seriously hurt or killed. If your pet is the one not on a leash you may find yourself responsible not only for any veterinary bills regarding your dog but any bills incurred by the other dog as well.

6) Dogs do not respect wildlife. A dog that is allowed to roam free, may hurt or kill young wild animals. He may destroy the nests of ground birds. You also face the risk of having your best friend encounter an unfriendly variety of wildlife. Anyone who has had the pleasure of trying to wash off the delightful smell of skunk will tell you it is not an easy task. Removing porcupine pine quills is another chore that you would do well to avoid. Depending upon where you live, there may be even more dangerous predators that your dog may encounter.

7) A dog who is not on a leash will go to the bathroom almost anywhere. If you do not have control over your pet you can’t be sure where he is doing his business. This can be extremely annoying to your neighbours and other pet owners. You may not be aware that in certain areas the failure to clean up after your animal can cost you a fine of up to $5 000.

8)The animal population is getting out of control, by keeping your dog on a leash you are greatly decreasing the chances of your dog becoming a parent. If you so intend to breed your dog, the last thing you want is to discover that your dog has been the one to pick the father.

9)Dogs get distracted. Your dog may be an obedience champion, but if a cat went running under his nose he just might chase it. What if something suddenly spooked your dog? A car back firing or a fire cracker goes off? The best trained dog in the world might not respond to his owner’s command at that point.

10) In many places it is the law! Dog owners who do not keep their animals on a leash may receive fines.

Be a responsible pet owner, keep your dog on a leash. In many cities there are parks where you can allow your pet more freedom. Get a retractable leash which gives the animal more space. But keep your animal safe, make your neighbours happy and obey the law.

Many owners find that their dog behaves really well at obedience class but the minute he goes out for a walk he turns into a demon. Maybe it is not the dog who changes but you. Is it possible that during training sessions you treat the animal one way and another when he is out for his daily walk? Or maybe you treat the animal one way and your partner or children treat him another. If so, your poor dog is receiving mixed signals.

Training is not going to involve just you and the dog but everyone who has to walk the dog. Consistency and patience are the keys to training any animal. And this means that all the people who walk the dog must follow the same procedures with the animal, all the time. And you must all use the same commands.

Once everybody has agreed to work together, you can start to look at the dog’s behaviour. If he likes to pull it is probably because he has learned that if he pulls he gets to go where he wants. Simply put, he is getting rewarded for pulling on his leash. You have to teach him immediately that dog leash pulling does not get rewarded.

The moment that your pet decides to pull on the leash STOP. Do not move. Do not pull on the leash. When your dog eases up on the leash take a step. If the pulling starts again stop. Once you have puppy focused on you, begin to move. Puppy will soon realise that if the leash is tight nobody goes anywhere.

As your puppy learns this concept, be sure to offer lots of praise and rewards. When the puppy turns to you to find out why there is no movement you might try backing up a step. Reward the puppy as he returns to you. A great way to get your dog to stay focused on you is to alter direction. Try not to walk in a straight line. Walk backwards; make sharp turns, both left and right. Be sure that at no time do you pull on the leash. Instead Stop. Remain frozen in place until the tension on the leash eases up.

You may not get far on your first few tries but if you are consistent you will see results. Remember that everyone who walks the dog must practice this technique, all the time. This is not always easy to do. There are times when you are in a hurry and taking the time to stop is annoying but remain unremitting.

These lessons are extremely important. You do not want to rely on choke collars or halties to get your dog to behave. You want the dog to stay close to you because it is the best place to be. Training collars are just that, for training. You want your dog to behave even when you are not doing a training session. You want to have control of your dog at all times.

If you remain persistent with your dog leash training exercises you will be surprised at how soon your walks become a joy instead of a chore.

Training a dog to heel is not a difficult task. But it is going to require that you be consistent and patient. Training dogs to heel correctly involves a number of things. Having the dog sit at your side until you are ready to move and give the command. Then the animal has to remain tight beside you while you are walking and then he has to sit when you stop. The animal is supposed to remain in the sitting position until you give the release command.

If you have an animal that has learned to walk on a leash without pulling you are now ready to move on to the heel command. If possible take your dog to a distraction free environment and keep the sessions short. You are asking your dog to learn a lot and you want to give him the best possible learning environment.

To start get your dog to sit on your left side facing the same direction as you. Have a toy or special treat ready in your left hand. Get your dogs attention and issue the command “heel”. Move slowly forwards. Hold the treat slightly above your dog’s head as you move forward and keep it tight to your side. Only move a few steps. If your dog stays with you reward and praise. Give the command to sit, if necessary you can “gently” pull the leash upwards in an effort to get your dog to sit. Release, reward and praise. At this point having the dog sit is not as important as getting the dog to stay right beside you.

As your dog grasps the concept of staying right beside while you walk vary the amount of steps that you take. And put more emphasis on the “sit” when you stop. Be sure to give the release command before his reward. As he gets better at this start making gradual turns, but not too sharp. Use the treats to help keep the dog focused on you. As training progresses you can begin making sharper more abrupt turns. Do not pull on the leash to get your dog to catch up. Rather, call his and name and get him to refocus. Lots of praise and rewards are needed every time he does the correct thing.

Ideally you do not want to use the leash to get your dog back into the correct position Instead issue the heel command and refocus his attention. If at all possible you do not want to have to even hold the leash during your heel training sessions. The leash should merely be there for back-up.

With a little effort training a dog to heel does not have to be difficult. Every dog can learn to heel. As an owner you have to remember that as with all dog leash training activities, patience and consistency are key.

Start by getting the new family member comfortable with his collar. Put it on him when he is in the house playing. Be sure that the collar fits correctly. Your dog may try rolling or pawing to try to get it off. Being able to put two fingers between his neck and the collar is usually a good measure. Watch to make sure that he cant get it off. Some dogs are real escape artists. Try and keep him distracted, and give lots of praise. Make it a positive experience.

The next step is to attach the leash. A short, light leash is the best to start with. Let the puppy smell it and get used to it. Allow him to drag it around the house. He will soon loose interest in it. Make sure that you do not leave the animal alone with his leash dragging.

Once you have gotten him used to the leash, pick it up. Remember, this is not a game of tug of war. If your puppy starts to pull, STOP. Do not move. Call the dog and get him to focus on you. Do not pull back on the leash but don’t move. Once you have the puppies attention continue moving. Keep treats handy during this stage and give lots of praise as the dog follows you around the house.

If your puppy decides to sit down, don’t start yanking on him. Call his name and reward him when he comes to you. If you have to get down to his level and have a treat or toy handy. Keeps these initial session short and fun. There should be no pulling done either by you or the dog. If he starts pulling, stop. Call his back and praise. You want him to learn that walking with a loose leash close to you is when he gets rewarded.

In order for your puppy to learn anything he has to be given clear, precise and consistent commands. This applies to everyone in the house including the children. You will also have to get everybody in the family to treat the dog the same way. You will probably find it harder to train the human members of the family than the dog. 

A perfect example of this is trying to teach the puppy not to jump when someone comes into the room. The correct method would be to have everyone who comes in the door ignore the dog’s bouncing. As soon as the dog starts jumping the person coming in turns around and completely ignores it’s behavior. When the dog settles down the person then rewards and praises the puppy. In theory this is great. It works very well until your 12 year old comes home with friends and they think it’s fun to have the dog jump up on them. They laugh and pet him. Now your poor puppy is totally confused. He is not sure how to behave when someone comes in.

Another prime example of this is when the dog starts barking in his crate when it is bedtime. Ideally everyone is supposed to ignore this behavior. But your daughter feels sorry for the little guy and goes and gets him a treat and sits with him. Your pet has just learned that if he barks in his crate, someone will come with treats and keep him company. Not exactly what you had in mind. Your dog has just trained your daughter.

Another very important factor is making certain that all members of the family use the same command words. One person cannot use the command ‘down’ to tell the dog to stop jumping when everyone else is using the command word ‘off’. This is especially important if you are using the ‘down’ command to tell the dog to lay prone on the floor. Your puppy will become totally confused by the use of the word in two different situations.

Consistency in house training a dog does not just apply to the “dog”. It applies to everybody. The whole family has to take part in the training of the animal. And everyone must be aware of which commands to use and when.

The first thing you are going to need to begin dog leash training is a proper collar for your dog. Before going out and buying a choke or pinch collar see how well your dog adjusts to simply using his everyday collar during training sessions. Some larger dogs or difficult to train dogs may require a gentle leader, haltie or choke collar for training but, you may find out that this is not the case with your pet. One thing to remember is that you should never leave a training collar on your pet when you are not around. Always be sure that you put their regular collar back on when the training session is over.

When getting a collar, ensure it fits correctly. You do not want the collar to be too big or too small. If you are using a regular belt type collar the general rule is to ensure that you can fit two fingers between the dog’s neck and the collar.

The next thing to pick out is a leash. When starting out you want to have a leash that is no longer than six feet in length. Retractable or extendable leashes are not ideal when you first begin training. You want to keep the dog very close, you do not want to give the dog a lot of freedom at this point. Also these leashes can be hard to work with if you are not used to them.

Picture by Lutz Mischa Heitmuller

Make certain that the leash you select is made of a strong material, leather is often the best. You do not want to have any kind of leash that might cause you burns if the dog pulls unexpectedly. Nylon leashes may do this so be careful with your selection.

Another thing to consider when you begin leash training is going to puppy classes. These classes are a great place to start working with your puppy on a leash and are also a great opportunity to socialize your puppy at the same time.  By taking your puppy to class he will learn that even though there are other dogs and distractions you are the one in charge. This is one of the most important things that your pet will ever learn. And you can practice in a safe environment.

There are many things you can learn about training by reading or searching online but just the same you ultimately have to go out and socialize him. You have to practice working with him on a leash. And puppy classes are one of the best ways to do this. And there is the added bonus of having other pet owners there to talk to about your new pet. And hopefully a well trained person running the course who can give you added tips and pointers.

Change Your Direction

Abruptly changing the direction you’re heading in may be enough distraction to make your dog understand that he needs to follow you. Every time your dog begins to run or walk ahead of you, quickly turn around and begin walking the other way. When he obeys and returns to your side, be sure to follow up with praise and/or a small dog treat. Its pointless to scold your dog, catching him off guard and redirecting his attention is far more effective.

Your first couple of walks may actually be just a few steps, back and forth. Don’t get discouraged, repeat the process as many times as necessary until your dog understands what you want him to do. The goal is to have your dog following you, and paying attention to the direction you’re headed in. Be generous with your praise and rewards and repeat this process several times. Your dog will slowly give up the tug of war game he’s been playing with your.

If you already have a dog training collar that offers both positive and negative tone reinforcement, now would be a great opportunity to use it.

Always Be Consistent

Now that you’ve made up your mind to leash train your dog, always be consistent. Be consistent in your application of rules so as not to confuse your dog. Treat your leash walking exercises as you would any other obedience training session.

Initially its best if you stick to familiar places, like your backyard or driveway, to practice your new leash training skills. After your dog has mastered his new leash walking skills, you can experiment with longer walks in unfamiliar places.

Keep Up the Good Work

As with all dog training, teaching your dog to walk properly on a leash is an ongoing process. It’s not something your dog will probably “get” in just one session. Even after your dog has learned what is expected, you’ll still want to reinforce the behavior by occasionally using the distraction technique given above.

Be lavish with your praise! Dogs instinctively want to please their owner and love being rewarded and praised for obeying. Be generous with your praise and offer rewards when your dog is doing the right thing; he will be encouraged to continue payinging attention to you.